When the information reaches the receptors the response of these cells is called the receptor process.įor example, you saw your bosom friend called you. in our body gives the knowledge of sensory stimulation. The presence of several receptors located in the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and skin, etc. Receptors are the specialized cells of the nervous system that are sensitive to stimuli. Receptor functions play a dominant role, but other functions are also involved in it. Individuals differences are seen in the perceptual process. The mechanism involved in perceiving the behavior, experience, or any response is a very complex and selective process. Thus, in perception, the simple process is to activate the receptor and then transmit the information to the brain to make sense of it i.e. If shown his own face in a mirror, he is unable to process top-down, that is, he can not relate his stored knowledge to the sensory input. Shown a familiar person he is not sure who the person is. Shown an unfamiliar face he is unresponsive. He can sense visual information to report the features of the face, but can not recognize it. Similarly, a person with brain damage in the temporal area is important to recognize suffer from a disease known as “prosopagnosia” where the individual has complete sensation but incomplete perception. For example, people who are color-blind can not tell from their perception of color when a traffic light is red or when it is green because they can not sense color information, they depend on the brightness and position cues to determine the color of the signal. Failures of perception may occur anywhere between sensory detection to perceptual interpretation. In our everyday experience, sensation, and perception blend into a continuous process. If the receptors do not receive stimulation from the environment or are unable to process the information they receive, no information is transmitted and perception does not occur. Psychologists refer to perception as a top-down process because they have constructed not only based on what our senses detect but also our experiences and expectations.
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